Articles

Joe W. Trotter

African American Fraternal Associations in American History: An Introduction
Social Science History 28(3): 355-366 (2004); DOI:10.1215/01455532-28-3-355 [PDF] [References]  

Theda Skocpol and Jennifer Lynn Oser

Organization Despite Adversity: The Origins and Development of African American Fraternal Associations
Social Science History 28(3): 367-437 (2004); DOI:10.1215/01455532-28-3-367 [Abstract] [PDF] [References] [Gallery of Illustrations]  

Bayliss J. Camp and Orit Kent

"What a Mighty Power We Can Be": Individual and Collective Identity in African American and White Fraternal Initiation Rituals
Social Science History 28(3): 439-483 (2004); DOI:10.1215/01455532-28-3-439 [Abstract] [PDF] [References] [Gallery of Illustrations]  

Ariane Liazos and Marshall Ganz

Duty to the Race: African American Fraternal Orders and the Legal Defense of the Right to Organize
Social Science History 28(3): 485-534 (2004); DOI:10.1215/01455532-28-3-485 [Abstract] [PDF] [References] [Gallery of Illustrations]  

Contributors
Social Science History 28(3): 535-536 (2004); DOI:10.1215/01455532-28-3-535 [PDF]  

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